PURPOSE This study examined the cultural experiences of tennis club members that have changed due to COVID-19, specifically emphasizing the accepted culture within these clubs. METHODS Seven tennis club members, with over five years of experience, active participation in two or more clubs, and a history of active participation, were interviewed using in-depth interviews and a semi-structured questionnaire. RESULTS Firstly, the tennis club members accepted the “no contact” culture that has emerged since COVID-19. Secondly, social distancing made getting together in large groups difficult, and tennis club activities became more limited. This has led to weakening the tennis club community, which is different from what we have seen before. Lastly, the growing interest in non-traditional content has led to an increase in participants enjoying tennis through social media. The information and experiences gained through social media have changed the perception of coaching. CONCLUSIONS The cultures that tennis players have adopted due to COVID-19 are expected to continue in the future. The findings from this study may provide evidence for understanding the changing culture of sports in the future.
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the ranking culture of Korean female professional golfers under the assumption that side-effects such as performance degradation and sports desocialization result from the culture. METHODS To collect data, semistructured, open-ended interviews were conducted with eight former KLPGA Tour players, and the data were analyzed through the inductive analysis method suggested by Hatch (2002). RESULTS Our findings were the following: (1) There has been an oppressive culture regarding the salutation attitude among Korean female professional golfers. (2) The ranking culture of Korean female professional golf players formed a background of voluntarily noticing seniors from junior players. (3) As part of subduing juniors who go against the hierarchy culture, the phenomenon of group bullying by senior players was found. (4) There are players who influx the KLPGA tour after their tour career in foreign countries becomes uncomfortable with the ranking culture of Korean female professional golfers, or in worse cases, they leave the tour because of maladaptation. (5) Rather than protesting or raising issues, parents of players, especially those of junior players who have suffered damage against the ranking culture tend to accept the practices and endure disadvantages. CONCLUSIONS Follow-up studies on ways to improve them and additional studies on ranking culture and side-effects that may occur between athletes in other sports are required to restore the ethics of Korean sports and ultimately normalize them.
The purpose of this study is to examine acculturation strategies of expatriates in Korea in relation to spectator sport involvement. Berry's(1997) bi-dimensional model of acculturation was used as a theoretical framework to categorize the type of acculturation strategies of expatriates in Korea. Acculturation strategies of expatriates were classified into four types: integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization. To be specific, there were 79 participants using the integration strategy, 28 using the assimilation strategy, 53 using the separation strategy, and 20 using the marginalization strategy. Research hypotheses were established to analyze differences on spectator sport involvement of expatriates between Korean spectator sport and their original cultural sport. There were significant differences in spectator sport involvement among foreigners in Korea. Firstly, the spectator sport involvement of the participants using the integration strategy was higher than that of marginalization. Second, participants categorized as using assimilation strategy were found to have lower sport involvement with Korea's spectator sport and had a higher involvement with their original cultural sport. Third, participants categorized as using separation strategy were found to have higher involvement with their original cultural sport than Korea's. Fourth, participants categorized as using separation strategy did not show significant differences with assimilation participants in comparing original cultural spectator sport. In conclusion, the result of the research indicated that expatriates living in Korea showed similar characteristics of Berry's (1997) acculturation strategies. Thus, It indicated that Berry's (1997) acculturation strategies are useful theoretical tools predicting psychological preference of expatriates in Korea. However, participants showed little difference in that all expatriates of four categories showed higher involvement with their original cultural spectator sport. Therefore, unlike Berry's (1997) theory, people with high level of acculturation showed higher levels of involvement with their original cultural spectator sport. It may provide useful information for Korean sport marketers regarding s foreign sport consumers in order to develop a market.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the socio-cultural background and the current issues of camp training system. This work could find the reason why camp training is continuing despite the regulatory policy. Methods This study compared past national and social situation, sports and education policies of each government, and the changes of sports paradigm through literature review. Results The settlement background of camp training system was explained by the national situation in 1970s and the elite sports policy. However, after the political democratization, the human rights ideology as universal value has developed, and the anti-human rights system which individuals sacrifice for the realization of community became not free in the school sports. Especially, since the 2000s, various social problems caused by camp training have been discussed and the school sports system is undergoing transition under various regulation. In this process, the conflict between the policy makers and the subjects is intensifying. The partial regulation, rather than radical reform, has been the cause of conflict without resolving 'the remnants of past elite sport policy'. The current regulation is limited to the "partial regulatory system", omitting fundamental changes such as the revision and abolition of the student-athletes' college entrance system. Conclusion This study presented two issues to normalize school sports. First, it is necessary to discuss the revision or abolishment of the student-athletes' college entrance system. Second, the existing school athletic system should be transformed into a future-oriented club system. By solving these problems, we can expect the policy effectiveness of current regulation and it will be able to reach the future that the regulatory policy are aiming at.
PURPOSE This study focuses on the experiences of novice tennis enthusiasts in Korea, aligning with the rising popularity of tennis as a burgeoning cultural phenomenon. METHODS Employing an ethnographic approach, we included eight participants with <5 years of tennis, in addition to three auxiliary participants. RESULTS The primary findings of this study are as follows: First, novice tennis players from the MZ generation actively employ tennis as a means of personal expression, sharing their tennis-related fashion and experiences on SNS. Second, most novice tennis players report a sense of detachment from the traditional club-centric tennis culture, gravitating toward casual court usage, spontaneous activities, and flexible membership structures. F inally, despite their modest technical proficiency, they avidly engage in knowledge-based consumption, displaying a profound grasp of tennis-related information. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide valuable insights into comprehending this burgeoning cultural phenomenon in Korean society, stemming from the escalating interest in tennis, and can serve as a valuable benchmark for establishing development strategies for tennis.
PURPOSE This study aimed to test the impact of sport consumers‘ self-construal levels on their responses toward an athlete scandal by conducting a cross-cultural experimental study. In particular, it focused on sport consumers’ subsequent responses toward an athlete scandal, such as the perceived target of responsibility and perceived the main agent for the public apology. METHODS Participants (total=151; KOREA=75, USA=76) were selected for a cross-national comparative study. MANCOVA and Descriptive Statistical Analysis were conducted using the SPSS Windows program version 26.0 to validate the research hypothesis. RESULTS The results indicate that sport consumers’ responses to an athlete scandal vary across the countries. Participants from Korea reported perceived responsibility to the athlete, team, and league. Conversely, those from the United States reported perceived responsibility only to the athlete. CONCLUSIONS There are cultural differences in sport consumers’ subsequent perceptions of an athlete scandal. The present study's findings are expected to provide stakeholders such as teams and leagues with practical implications to understand better sport consumers’ responses to athlete scandals in the globalized sports industry.
PURPOSE This study aims to critically read the film <Run-Off 2> in a manner in which its narrative represents and constructs the multicultural subject as the fearful and compassionate “other,” and its structure and meanings reconciles with the concept of cultural citizenship. METHODS This research is informed by two methods: 1) text analysis by deconstructing the narrative structure and flow, and 2) contextual interpretation focussing on understanding the significance of the filmic representation in the Korean historical, political, social, and cultural contexts. RESULTS The narrative of the film portrays and constructs the multicultural subject as a cultural other, with specific styles of representation, in which stereotypical description, otherizing tropes of double process, and recognition struggle for cultural citizenship. CONCLUSIONS The study summarized the present research and laid out some suggestions for critical studies of sport films from an interdisciplinary approach and cultural studies-based methods.
PURPOSE Although sport and graffiti often collaborate in various forms and sectors, research on this phenomenon is insufficient. Therefore, this exploratory study analyzed the role of sport in line with the diffusion of graffiti in Korea. METHODS Qualitative research method was applied for data collection and analysis. Specifically, systematic literature review, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and written interviews were used for data collection. Subsequently, content analysis, categorization, and itemization were performed. RESULTS International sporting events had an impact on the diffusion process of graffiti. Additionally, graffiti was used as a promotional content for sporting events and sport brands, and specific sport content were used as the medium for street art works, including graffiti. Furthermore, graffiti was used as a promotional content for marketing activities in collaboration with a professional sports team by general corporations. CONCLUSIONS As graffiti becomes one of the major cultures from a subculture, it is expected to increase public interest in all sports and not just in specific sports through collaboration with graffiti.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify why and how sports docudrama is one of the unique objects for the scholarship of sport history. Methods As a review study, this paper pays attention to, collects, and critically reviews three dimensions of the literatures: 1) ones that claim and argue for a-historicity of historical sport films by pointing out how they are full of actual errors, mistakes, and misrepresentation, and why they are problematic, 2) ones that belong to so called ‘the study of docudrama’ with specific focus on the themes of definition, mode of representation, and cultural memory, and 3) ones that attempt to envision the possibility of visual history or filmic history from the perspective of historiography and some other epistemological issues. Results Following the above review method, the result of this paper is also divided into three parts: 1) how sport historians respond to and criticize historical sport films from the sense based on the modern historiography, 2) how a group of historians argue why historical sport films can be one of the promising way of doing histories, 3) review of the study of docudrama, focusing on what is docudrama, why it can be a mode of representation, and how it resonates to cultural memory. Conclusions As a conclusion, this paper argues that a more collectively academic concerns to sport docudrama paves way for developing and envisioning the scholarship of sport history.
The purpose of this paper is to map how sport sociologists and sport historians have engaged in the study of race and/in sport. Focusing on scholars with two communities of the North American Society for Sport Sociology & Sport History, it investigates themes, historical/sociological philosophy, theoretical/methodological issues that underpin their works. To be more specific, mainly four types of research are detailed: 1) popular narratives that mostly celebrate black athletes’ success in sport, 2) so-called the early academic works that highlight the positive role of sport in advancing the issue of race in relation to social justice, unification, equality, and so on, 3) a group of researches informed by the positivism, which attempt to discover, investigate, identify racially problematic phenomena, incidents, policies, or incidents and explain why they happen, what makes them problematic, and how to solve such matters, and 4) critical paradigm that orients cultural studies based researches that attempt to explore the relationship between sport and race with focus on interpretive, theoretical, and reflective approaches. In conclusion, it is discussed why I pay attention to the critical paradigm, what it’s emergence means to the sporting academy, and in what ways we can embrace it into the Korean sporting academy.
