PURPOSE This study presents policy proposals based on literature review and document analysis in relation to sport concussion. METHODS Online documents were collected from sports organizations of the United States, the United Kingdom, and South Korea that either supervise sports concussion management policies or govern specific sports at different levels. RESULTS The results and implications of the study were as follows. First, safety education on sports concussion should be strengthened quantitatively and qualitatively, be required by all sports stakeholders, and will need to be executed by utilizing new technology platforms. Second, sports governing bodies must present a concussion safety policy tailored to each sport by distinguishing between youth and professional sports. Finally, discussions regarding the legalization of domestic sports concussion safety policies should take place in a timely manner. CONCLUSIONS These precautionary approaches would contribute to raising awareness on concussions in sports and help build a safer environment for sports.
To provide the distribution of cardiorespiratory fitness including Bruce treadmill exercise time and estimated peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and investigate association with cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome, sedentary lifestyle, or education level among Korean adults. Analysis of data on 2,006 adults (19-64 yr) who had completed a maximal grade treadmill exercise test, from the Sports Institute of Sports Science Fitness Standards (KISS FitS) project 2014-2015. The mean maximal exercise time was 11’26’‘, 11’18’‘, 11’06’‘, 10’03’‘ and 8’51’‘ (minutes and seconds) for men 19-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-64 years of age, respectively, for women, it was 9’49’‘, 9’09’‘, 8’42’‘, 8’01’‘ and 7’33’‘ for the corresponding age groups. The mean peak oxygen uptake was estimated as 42.3, 41.8, 41.2, 37.6 and 33.6 ml/kg/minute for men 19-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-64 years of age, respectively, For women, it was 34.0, 31.8, 30.3, 28.0 and 26.4 ml/kg/minute for the corresponding age groups. A positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness level and education level was observed for both men and women. Furthermore, participants with sedentary lifestyle had a significantly lower cardiorespiratory fitness than participants with activity lifestyle. Finally, Men with moderate and high fitness level had 50% and 87% lower odds for the metabolic syndrome, and women had 48% and 50% lower odds for the metabolic syndrome, respectively, than the ones with low fitness level after adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol intake, and sedentary lifestyle. These results can be used to track future Korean assessments and to evaluated interventions. The differences in fitness status by education level, sedentary lifestyle or metabolic syndrome can also be used to develop health policies, program and educational services.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze the research topics of the articles which were published through European Sport Management Quarterly(ESMQ) from 2009 to 2018. The prior topic analysis studies of the ESMQ classified topics based on the key words using NASPE-NASSM SMPS categories. Therefore they couldn't fully reflect the content of the articles. Methods The topic modeling of the current study was conducted with the Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA) which generates topics based on the word usage in the article. A total of 265 articles were converted from 'pdf' format to 'txt' ANSI format for topic modeling analysis. The whole topic modeling process was done using R program and the model was set to generate 10 topics from the article. Results The 3 sport management experts were hired to label the name of the topics and the name of the topics are as follow : (1) Impact of mega sport event, (2) Cause-related marketing, (3) Factors affecting the results of the competition, (4) Managing sport organization, (5) European sport leagues, (6) Strategic management, (7) Sport economics, (8) Sport in communities, (9) Sport consumers, (10) Elite sports. It is not quite possible to compare the results of the current topic modeling results with the previous ones because of the methodological differences. However, even though the standards are different, Sport marketing topic showed the largest growth among the 10 topics extracted. Conclusions This study used the LDA probabilistic algorithm to analyze research topics, which made the analyses more objective and wholistic. However, the insights of the researchers were still needed to interpret and labeling the topics.
The purpose of this research is to provide the information about sports injury by surveying and analyzing a result, and to lead analytic and scientific training among the subjects being elite summer sport athletes. All sports injuries are recorded on injury report form and the following results were obtained. In Cycle sport, the prevalence of injuries of the low back, knees were highest. and In Table tennis sport, the prevalence of injuries of the ankle was highest due to the chronic fatigue. The prevalence of injuries of the shoulder, low back were highest due to the overuse of joints. In Badminton sport, the prevalence of injuries of low back, knees, ankles were highest by overtraining. In Gymnastics, the prevalence of injuries of the low back, knees, ankles were highest. In Archery sport, there is a lot of injuries to the shoulder and neck. In Weight lifting sport, the prevalence of injuries of the low back, knees, and ankles were highest. In Golf sport, the prevalence of injuries of knees, low back were highest. In Hockey sport, the prevalence of injuries of ankles, knees, low back were highest. In Boxing sport, the prevalence of injuries of hands, shoulder, the low back were highest, In Judo sport, there are overall damage occurred in parts of the whole body, but the prevalence of injuries of ankles, knees, low back were highest. In Fencing sport, the prevalence of injuries of the low back, knees were highest. In Wrestling sport, although there is a difference slightly depending on freestyle and Greco-Roman, but the prevalence of injuries of knees, ankles, low back were highest. In Handball sport, the prevalence of injuries of ankles, knees were highest. In Taekwondo, the prevalence of injuries of ankles, knees, feet were highest.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the location, rate, cause, and types of injuries according to the injured area by age and sports in female athletes. Methods The subject of the study was 426 female athletes who were registered as combat sports(Judo, Taekwondo, Fencing) athletes at the Korean Sports & Olympic Committee. We collected the data via online questionnaires, and conducted a frequency analysis using R statistics program. Results As a result, 51.4% of athletes experienced injuries in the past year, and the highest injury rate was shown in Taekwondo-University(0.43) during competition and Taekwondo-Professional(5.55) during training. The cause of injuries during competition was mainly due to 'as a result of me or the opponent's hittings, skills, or fouls' among internal factors, and 'recurrent injuries' among external factors. Among internal factors during training except for torso area and professional athletes, most of the injuries were also caused by ‘as a result of me or the opponent's hittings, skills, or fouls’ and ‘recurrent injuries’ among external factors. The frequency of injury was the highest in the lower extremity area across all age groups. The most frequently injured area, in the case of Judo, is skin-bleeding in the head, skin-bruise, muscle-inflammation, bone-fracture, spondylopathy(disc, stenosis, etc.) in the torso, muscle-inflammation in the upper extremity, ligament-sprain, rupture in the lower extremity. Taekwondo athletes had skin-bruise in the head, upper and lower extremities, and muscle-inflammation in the torso area, as the frequent injury cases, and Fencing athletes had all skin-bruise regardless of injuries. Conclusions The results of this study will be used to take measures for preventing injuries or to change training programs.
Purpose This study focused on analyzing the policies regarding operation of Sportstoto, a sole legal sports betting business in Korea. Methods In order to fulfill the research goal, literature review on reports, articles, and statistics from Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, National Gambling Control Commission, Korean Sports Promotion Foundation, and other precedent studies was conducted. Results Currently Sportstoto fails to maintain its competitiveness due to inconvenient betting process, lack of product diversification, and low payout rate, resulting in the growth of illegal sports gambling. In addition, governmental aid for sports budget has diminished consistently, while at the same time the revenue cap regulation for betting industry restrains the development of Sportstoto and disturbs the gathering of sports budget, which appears to be a policy contradiction. Moreover, there are no specific guidelines for the expenditure of Sportstoto revenue which function as a budget. Conclusions This study suggests three ideas to overcome these problems. First is the alleviation of regulation in non-monetary area so that Sportstoto can improve its competitiveness against illegal sports gambling. Second is the clear establishment of policy regarding sports budget, either to foster Sportstoto as a fundraising business, or to enlarge governmental allocation for the budget. Lastly, institutional management must be provided for the expenditure of Sportstoto revenue as to follow government’s sports policies.
PURPOSE This study presents a policy proposal to integrate the National Sports Festival and sport-specific competitions into a broader national balanced development plan, particularly targeting regions facing potential obsolescence. METHODS Applying both balanced growth theory and unbalanced growth theory, we analyzed the issue through a comprehensive review of the literature, encompassing both domestic and international cases. RESULTS Our findings lead to several key conclusions and policy recommendations. Firstly, we recommend the relocation of the National Sports Festival hosting rights to regions at risk of becoming obsolete. Secondly, we propose the designation of specific venues for each sport event. Thirdly, we emphasize the development of sports events that uniquely characterize specific regions. Fourthly, we suggest engaging local residents of host cities to form a robust sports event support staff. Fifthly, we advocate for the enhancement of local accommodation facilities. Lastly, we envision the transformation of the National Sports Festival into a “Korea Open” event. CONCLUSIONS This study holds significance in its contribution to national balanced development through the strategic utilization of sports events, such as national sports festivals.
A number of global cities and local cities facilitate local economies and development by utilizing sports. However, their strategy is likely to be a short-term and one-time policy, which does not continuously strengthen their development. Therefore, the use of sports needs to be considered as more specific and longer term strategies for local development. This study examines the concept and role of sports city focused on cases of overseas sports cities, and successful and ideal cases of background and features of sports cities were analyzed to promote and lead the direction of improvement of sports cities in Korea. Consequently, strengthening a city’s sport capability and connecting it to local development need to be met to become a city into a successful sport city. To do so, it should premise recognition that sports cannot be treated separately from other urban policy area and it needs to invest in sports facilities, hosting sports events and competitions, and sports clubs based on the recognition for the importance of sports. Moreover, it needs a marketing strategy for branding and differentiation through sports of a city’s expertise. Finally, to make sports act as a catalyst to strengthen the process of an integrated city’s competitiveness, it requires a local government’s strong leadership and organization capacity of stakeholders.
To activate the export of defense industry, our government approach a niche market by various advertising and revising policy. However, techniques of current Korea defense industry are difficult for market development of various aspects. Thus a new approach of overcoming existing export marketing strategy is needed. this study presents a strategy for exporting country, which is to activate the export of defense industry through military-sports diplomacy. The military-sports diplomacy is chosen because several cases confirm the sports diplomacy is an effective instrument which can develop political relationship between countries. a research needs to be done to check if Export target countries' preference for sports and possibilities of supporting should be investigated. by combining experts' opinion result using correspondence analysis, the following analyses of defense industry export activation strategy via Sports-diplomacy can be suggested. Overall, Sports policy action to expanse Export target geographical areas is strengthening ties for using soccer, badminton, hockey sports with each other. Detail, sports policy in the proportion of low-country exports must be to use badminton, hockey, rugby which prefer in asia area. and sports policy in the proportion of exports to the high country must be to use soccer, basketball, field and track events which prefer in Africa and Central and South America. area. In suggestion, The research concluded that information exchange between Defense Acquisition Program Administration and Korea military sports organization is needed, and the compatibility of exporting weapons to target countries is a priority while executing sports diplomacy.
PURPOSE This study aims to analyze research trends on the social capital in sports. METHODS A total of 69 papers published until December 2020 were selected as research subjects. Further, Excel, KrKwic software, and NetDraw function of the UCINET 6 program were used for analysis. RESULTS First, social capital research on sports has shown quantitative growth since 2010. Second, the studies were conducted on sports participants such as general, elderly, college students, adolescents, foreigners, and the disabled, showing the highest frequency of research subjects. Third, quantitative research conducted based on the research method were several. Fourth, single-author studies were the highest. Fifth, as the result of the analysis on the publication journal, the Journal of the Korean Physical Education Association was shown the highest. Sixth, due to frequency analysis of the thesis keywords, “social capital,” “sports participation,” “action intention,” “social capital type,” “living sports participation,” and “youth” were shown the highest. Seventh, as a result of centrality analysis between keywords through the network analysis, “sports participation” in connection centrality, “health-promoting lifestyle” in proximity centrality, and “sports participation” in mediation centrality were found as the highest. CONCLUSIONS The significance of social capital in sports is more important than others because it is a fundamental element for creating a culture where more people can enjoy sports moderately in Korea, where capitalism and liberal democracy were adopted as the governing system. Therefore, this study can be a vital resource significantly contributing to the understanding and active use of social capital, a significant factor in developing sports in Korea.
