PURPOSE This study aimed (1) to analyze the behavioral intention and use behavior among the consumers of online home training contents via YouTube by employing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT); (2) to test the moderating effects of risk perception toward the coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, and 3) to test differential impacts of generational difference across millennial and baby boom generations. METHODS A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed, and 383 samples were used for the final analysis after excluding 17 incomplete responses. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 22.0. RESULTS It was found that (1) the performance expectancy, the effort expectancy, and the social influence had positive effects on behavioral intention; (2)the facilitating condition had negative effects on the use behavior; (3) the behavioral intention had positive impact on the use behavior. Moreover, the risk perception toward the COVID-19 infection did not have moderating impacts on the UTAUT model, whereas generational differences did. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the marketing strategy that improves exercise performance, convenience, and social influencing factors may be key to home training customers' behavioral intention and use behavior. Furthermore, home training material makers should recognize that the features and infrastructure required for the two generations are distinct and develop a separate marketing strategy for each.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among emotional leadership, coach trust and athletic satisfaction of university. Methods 288 university soccer players were surveyed on the emotional leadership questionnaire, coach trust questionnaire and athletic satisfaction questionnaire through convenience sampling method. SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 were used to achieve the purpose of this study. Frequency analysis, confirmation factor analysis, reliability verification, correlation analysis and the structural equation model analysis were performed. Results First, emotional leadership had a positive effect on coach trust of university soccer players. Second, emotional leadership had a positive effect on athletic satisfaction of university soccer players. Third, coach trust had a positive effect on athletic satisfaction of university soccer players. Finally, coach trust mediated the relationship between emotional leadership and athletic satisfaction. Conclusions Emotional leadership was a leadership that can efficiently increase coach trust, and leaders must communicate with players through emotional effort and team operations with goals of athletic satisfaction and happiness rather than wins and losses were required.
Purpose The purpose of this research is to empirically analyze the relationship between a indoor swimming pool on service quality and involvement, place attachment, place attitude & relationship continuity intention through structural equation model analysis. Methods For this purpose, this study set 241 members at the five private indoor swimming pools located in Seoul as the research subjects. In an effort to verify the proposed structural model, this study used IBM SPSS WIN Ver. 21.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results As a result, First, the results showed that service quality had a positive effect on place identity. Second, it was found that service quality had a positive effect on place dependence. Third, the results showed that involvement didn't have a positive effect on place identity. Fourth, involvement didn’t have a positive effect on place dependence. Fifth, the results showed that place identity had a positive effect on place attitude. Sixth, the results showed that place dependence had a positive effect on place attitude. Seventh, place attitude was found to had a positive effect on relationship continuity intention.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically inquire into the relationship between a indoor swimming pools employee’s group cohesiveness, swimming pool identification & communication and job satisfaction, customer orientation, long-term orientation, and positive word of mouth through structural equation model analysis. Methods For this purpose, For this purpose, the survey targeted 221 workers working at 10 swimming pools in Seoul for over three months. For sampling method, convenience sampling method was used, while the questionnaire was self-administered. In an effort to verify the proposed structural model, this study used IBM SPSSWIN Ver. 21.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results First, group cohesiveness, swimming pool identification & communication has positive influence on the job satisfaction. Second, job satisfaction has positive influence on the customer orientation. Third, job satisfaction has positive influence on the positive long-term orientation. Fourth, customer orientation has positive influence on the positive word of mouth. Fifth, long-term orientation has positive influence on the positive word of mouth.
This study was aimed at empirically analyzing the impact of conspicuous consumption of MTB club members and influence of the reference group on club identification, MTB attitude, and relation continuity intention through structural equation modeling. To accomplish the objective, 250 adult men and women who were involved in MTB clubs in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungcheong areas were surveyed. As for sampling method, self-administered questionnaires were sent out through the mail, which were collected through visits. To verify the proposed structural model, SPSS WIN Ver. 21.0 and AMOS 18.0 were used. It led to the following results. First, conspicuous consumption didn't have a positive impact on club identification. Second, conspicuous consumption had a negative impact on MTB attitude. Third, the influence of reference group had a positive impact on club identification. Fourth, the influence of reference group had a positive impact on MTB attitude. Fifth, club identification had a positive impact on relation continuity intention. Sixth, MTB attitude had a positive impact on relation continuity intention.
Purpose This study was designed to develop a team building program that helps freshmen student-athletes to adapt to college life and enhance team function and process and to examine the effects of this program. It could provide basic information of a team building program that effectively accelerates team function in the college team sports domain. Methods The program was developed through this process. First, an open-ended questionnaire was utilized to discover the needs of the program. Second, the results of needs of the program and important factors of team-building program were taken into consideration. Third, expert meetings were conducted. Consequently, the program consisted of three stages of total 10 sessions which was 90 min long. The questionnaires(Group Cohesion Questionnaire and Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire), experience report, and program evaluation form were used as measures to identify the effects of the developed program. SPSS version 24.0 and inductive analysis were used to analyze the data. Results The results of this study are as follows. First, there was no statistically significant influence between developed program and the level of group cohesion. In contrast, the level of coach-athlete interaction was significantly increased. Second, the analysis of experience report revealed that this program reduced interpersonal conflict between team members and formed positive interpersonal relationship by mind of respect and consideration. Conclusion In conclusion, the hierarchical culture was strongly formed and team member suffered from the dual role of athlete and student in Korean college team sports. Thus, these should be resolved in order to enhance team function and process. As a results, this process could increase team performance as well as offer psychological stability to college student-athletes.
PURPOSE This study aims to develop a coach presenteeism scale with scientifically proven reliability and validity. METHODS In order to achieve the research purpose, preliminary questions were drafted using previous studies (Lee & Kim, 2022) and existing presentation questionnaires (SPS-34, SPS-6, SPS-13). The preliminary set of questions was composed of 23 questions, which were deliberated through a meeting with subject experts. After which, a survey involving 183 coaches was conducted. In this study, statistical verification procedures were conducted through construct validation, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency analysis, convergent validation and discriminant validation. RESULTS Finally, a 2-factor (DRA 5 items, DTP 5 items), 10-item coach presenteeism scale was developed. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a scale with verified reliability and validity was developed to support and investigate the presenteeism phenomenon experienced by coaches. These may be used by coaches themselves to check their presenteeism status and may guide future research to effectively train athletes.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to apply a life skills program to student-athletes and statistically verify the changes in life skills of the experimental and control group. METHODS Participants were 34 high school Taekwondo athletes (Mage=17.71). They were divided into 18 in the experimental group and 16 in the control group. For eight weeks, the experimental group participated in the life skills program after training and the control group participated in only training as usual. Data were collected by using Life Skills Scale for Student-Athletes (LSSSA), and the participants of two groups filled out the LSSSA before and after the program application. The collected data were analyzed by using repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA), and partial η2 (eta squared) was calculated to present the effect size. RESULTS The interaction between time and group was statistically significant in goal setting, coping with stress, positive thinking, and managing emotion among sub-factors of life skills. Partial η2 was interpreted as having a large effect size as it revealed the range of .22 to .51. Therefore, comparing before and after participating in the program, the life skills score of the experimental group among the two groups was significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS Student-athletes who participated in the program experienced positive changes in life skills than those who did not participate in the program.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to provide useful information on the improvement of performance by measured the psychological-physiological stresses experienced by elite shooters during a competition. Methods Thirty-eight elite shooters participated in this study (Male = 13, Female = 25). Psychological stress was measured and used for this study based on the stress factors found in the elite target stress study by Park(2015). The cortisol, a physiological stress hormone, was measured using saliva. Results The reliability of the psychological stress sub-factor pre-post analysis results showed no statistically significant. The concentration of cortisol measured on the day before the competition (0.1704 µg/dL) significantly increased immediately before the competition (0.3558 µg/dL). Cortisol immediately before the competition showed negative correlation (r=-.361, p=.036) with the competition score, and the regression variable of cortisol was 13%. Conclusions In this study, physiological stress had a negative effect on elite shooters performance compared to psychological stress.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among burnout, presenteeism, and coaching achievement perceived by athlete coaches in the sport field, and to identify the mediating effect of the presenteeism on the relationship between burnout and coaching achievement. Methods For this purpose, data were collected from 151 athlete coaches in South Korea through the survey. Measurement tools consisted of questionnaires on the coach’ burnout and presenteeism (SPS-13) that were designed in line with the research purpose. Collected data were analyzed using reliability testing, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and simple mediation effect test. Results First, burnout level perceived by coaches was positively related to presenteeism, and not associated with coaching achievement. And presenteeism negatively correlated with coaching achievement. Second, the burnout level of the coach was negatively related to the coaching achievement through the presenteeism, the mediating variable. Conclusions Burnout of the athletes' coaches in the sports field has been confirmed to decrease the coaching achievement by increasing the presentations which is the work impairment due to their health problems.
