Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore environmental constraints that hindered the physical activity of female students in daily life, and then to provide alternatives to improve the problems based on the social ecological model. Methods Research participants were twelve female students to be selected in two schools(Norang, Parang middle school), the process of data collection(orientation, photovoice implementation, focus group interview) and analysis(choosing a photo, contextualizing, subjecting) were conducted according to the Photo-voice. Results The constraints of physical activity in daily life were categorized on ‘playground as like a desert’(leisure domain), ‘space of recess and in-active play’(family domain), ‘transportation replaced by mom and dad car’(transportation domain), ‘space of the only exercise as well as reproduction of gender discrimination’(school domain). Conclusions The environmental constraints were analyzed as academic, physical, daily living, socio-cultural environment. Lastly, alternatives for promoting physical activity of female student were proposed in the level of organization, community, public policy based on the social ecological model.
Purpose The purpose of this research is to empirically analyze the relationship between a indoor swimming pool on perceived risk & perceived benefit, emotion responses, class attitude, and word-of-mouth intention through structural equation model analysis. Methods This study set 224 members at the six private indoor swimming pools located in Gyeonggido as the research subjects. As for sampling method, convenience sampling method was used, and self-administered questionnaire was used for the survey. In an effort to verify the proposed structural model, this study used SPSSWIN Ver. 23.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results First, perceived risk had a positive effect on positive emotion. Second, perceived risk had a positive effect on negative emotion. Third, perceived benefit had a positive effect on positive emotion. Fourth, perceived benefit did not have a positive effect on negative emotion. Fifth, positive emotion had a positive effect on class attitude. Sixth, negative emotion did not have a positive effect on class attitude. Seventh, positive emotion had a positive effect on word-of-mouth intention. Eighth, negative emotion did not have a positive effect on word-of-mouth intention. Ninth, class attitude had a positive effect on word-of-mouth intention.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on serum VEGF, bone markers and bone mineral density in elderly women. Methods The subjects were divided into three groups: low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction(BFR-LRT, n=8); high intensity resistance training(HRT, n=8); low- intensity resistance training (LRT, n=5). Both the BFR-LRT and LRT groups worked out knee extension and leg curl exercises at 20% of each estimated one-repetition maximum(1RM) and HRT group worked out knee extension and leg curl exercises at 70% of each estimated 1RM 3 days per week for 12 weeks. Results As a result after 12 weeks, serum VEGF level have increased significantly among BFR-LRT group compared to HRT and LRT groups. Serum Bone ALP level have increased significantly among BFR-LRT and HRT groups compared to LRT group. Calcaneus BMD have increased significantly among BFR-LRT and HRT groups compared to LRT group. Conclusions In conclusion, despite using low-intensity load, BFR-LRT is a efficient training alternative to HRT for improving bone metabolism in older women.
Purpose In general, motor imagery and action observation have been distinguished from each other. Recently, several studies demonstrated that combined approach to motor imagery and action observation can be more effective in motor learning. The present study examined the effects of observation learning combined motor imagery and action observation during acquisition basketball shooting skills. Methods We divided with control group, action observation group and observation learning group combined mental image and action observation in the three middle school. Action observation group provided the action observation program, and observation learning group was performed observation learning combined mental image and action observation training. All groups were perform basic basketball skills. Experimental intervention was performed for 10 weeks, and data analysis was performed 3 groups × 2 time repeated ANOVA. Results The results indicated that all group were improve after intervention, and subjects who participated in combined mental image and action observation was significant in the interaction effect on the front shoot. Moreover, the interaction effect on the motor imagery ability was significant. Conclusions These findings suggest that the use of observation learning combined mental image and action observation strategy potentially optimizes motor skills performance and motor image ability by incorporating motor imagery, especially when observing movements with intent to imitate.
Purpose The purpose of this research is to empirically analyze the relationship between a indoor swimming pool on service quality and involvement, place attachment, place attitude & relationship continuity intention through structural equation model analysis. Methods For this purpose, this study set 241 members at the five private indoor swimming pools located in Seoul as the research subjects. In an effort to verify the proposed structural model, this study used IBM SPSS WIN Ver. 21.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results As a result, First, the results showed that service quality had a positive effect on place identity. Second, it was found that service quality had a positive effect on place dependence. Third, the results showed that involvement didn't have a positive effect on place identity. Fourth, involvement didn’t have a positive effect on place dependence. Fifth, the results showed that place identity had a positive effect on place attitude. Sixth, the results showed that place dependence had a positive effect on place attitude. Seventh, place attitude was found to had a positive effect on relationship continuity intention.
Purpose This study conducted legal, institutional and pedagogical consideration on C0rule in Korean collegiate sport. Methods (1) Systematically examined the unconstitutional elements of C0rule in terms of the basic rights of student-athletes, and (2) reviewed pedagogical validity in terms of higher education, college credit system and physical education. Results First, C⁰rule adopted the result (the credit) of the uniform education as the standard of sanctions. Providing discriminatory educational opportunities according to academic credit is regarded as the infringement of equal rights. Second, since the college sports league is the only place to prepare for vocational education and employment for student-athletes, restricting their opportunities according to the credit is also against the freedom of happiness and choice of profession. Third, C0 credit, the minimum standard, overlooked purpose and level of higher education and rigorous evaluation. Last, C0rule has resulted in overlooking the academic significance and status of college education, especially physical education. Conclusions This study is meaningful in that it brought the subjects to discourse field and provided opportunities to review the fundamental problem of the school sport and the basic rights of student-athletes. At the present stage of the transition of the school sport system due to the introduction of various regulatory systems, we should be careful about oligopoly and unilateral flow of knowledge and production of other alienation.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate how the educational zeal of mothers with winter sports students in secondary schools appears on the network charts. Methods It lasted 28 days from February 6 to March 5, 2017. Starting with a description of the QNA, all interviews were recorded on a tape recorder to carry out the project. Data analysis were divided into four areas(Family, Friend, School, etc.) and 13 associative words(enthusiasm, intelligence, performance, entry, success, sacrifice, atmosphere, polarity, competition, vicarious, satisfaction, economic power, anxiety, stress) to attach associative word stickers according to color. Results As a result of inducing arbitrary interpretation of the network subject's educational network, it was possible to analyze the factors affecting mothers' sports education in three dimensions. In addition, although there is not much difference in areas around "I" on sports education charts, the distance between associative words and network charts has gradually moved away from the same person as their children go on to school. Conclusions The methodological significance of this study has been found to be very useful in visualizing an individual's educational network by utilizing qualitative network analysis and in understanding the characteristics associated with education.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare the maximal strength, isokinetic muscle function and anaerobic capacity according to the position of college and professional rugby players. Methods Subjects for this study were 54 athletes and randomly divided into 4 groups: the forwards group in college rugby players (FCRP, n = 10), backs group in college rugby players (BCRP, n = 16), forwards group in professional rugby players (FPRP, n = 16), and backs group in professional rugby players (BPRP, n = 12). Physical fitness was consisted of squat, bench press, bilateral grip strength. Isokinetic knee and trunk muscle functions were measured by Humac Norm device, and anaerobic pedaling power was analyzed by Wingate test. Significant differences between groups were determined with one-way repeated ANOVA. Results As the result of this study, there was no statistically significant difference between the absolute and relative values of the squat and bilateral grip strengths, but bench press was significantly higher in FPRP and BPRP compared to other groups. Isokinetic knee and trunk extensor and flexor muscle strength showed stronger in FPRP and BPRP than those in FCRP and BCRP. In addition, the anaerobic pedaling power was also the highest in FPRP and BPRP. Conclusions Our findings suggest important information that the college rugby players and forwards in professional rugby team should be given scientific training to improve their maximum strength, isokinetic strength and anaerobic power.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean Life Skills Scale for Sports (KLSSS) that original version is the LSSS developed by Cronin and Allen (2017). Methods The subjects were 899 middle school and high school students. The measurement tool was used with LSSS. The validation of KLSSS followed a three-stage of validation procedure; substantive stage, structural stage, and external stage. The result is as follows. Results First, In the substantive stage, KLSSS consisted of 47 items with 8 factors. As a result of the item clarity test, it was confirmed that all the items were appropriate. Second, in the structural stage, KLSSS was explored and confirmed as 5 factors and 18 items. Third, in the external stage, KLSSS showed discrimination and convergent validity. Conclusions KLSSS is composed of 5 factors and 18 items. The factors are teamwork (TW), goal setting (GS), time management (TM), social skills (SS), and leadership (LD). This scale can be used to obtain information on life skills in school physical education or sports.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for spectators group of Taekwondo performance efficient marketing activities through market segmentation from characteristics, perceived values of the Taekwondo performance spectators. Methods The subjects of this research were Kukkiwon, Taekwondowon and 1,021 questionnaires were finally used for the analysis. The results of this research were drawn by frequency analysis, CFA(confirmatory factor analysis), reliability analysis, cluster analysis (hierarchical and K-means), cross-tabulation analysis and One-way ANOVA were used for data processing through SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. Results As results of the analysis, It was subdivided into three clusters (such as group of male college students, man group of low perceived value and high degreed women group of low pragmatism). Conclusions The significant differences of the characteristics and perceived value appeared from each cluster. Cluster 1: A group of male college students, and the highest perceived value for Taekwondo performance. Cluster 2: A group of male, and a low perceived value for Taekwondo performance. Cluster 3: A group of high degreed women and a low pragmatism of perceived value. Therefore, a practical marketing strategy was needed for each groups.
