PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to analyze various citation patterns such as the scope and intensity of the academic influence of Korean "Kinesiology" studies. METHODS To this end, this paper collected and analyzed 17,693 target articles published in 22 KCI-accredited “Kinesiology” related journals from 2001 to 2014, and 98,941 citing cases that took advantage of target articles as references. Specifically, this paper analyzed the citation pattern by dividing it into two parts. First, this paper analyzed the distribution of citations in individual target articles and the top-cited articles and top-cited researchers. Second, this paper also analyzed the citing articles; such as in which journal, what academic field, and in what pattern the “Kinesiology” target articles were cited. RESULTS As a result, 15% of the target articles were not cited at all for five years after publication, while 6.8% of papers were cited more than 17 times, which was exceptionally more cited compared to the majority of target articles. There were no research topics exclusively exerting influence in Korean "Kinesiology" research, but relatively many cited thesis topics include 'self-management, 'leisure statement', 'psychological well-being', 'self-confidence', 'service quality', and 'leisure flow'. Besides, the Korean "Kinesiology" articles accounted for 76% of the total of about 98,000 citations, having greater influence within the same academic field than other academic fields. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to the relevant literature in that it is one of the early endeavors to study the citation pattern for the entire Korean kinesiology articles.
PURPOSE This study was conducted to estimate the tendency of psychological factors influencing cycling performance by analyzing the characteristic factors of athlete reputation in the news big-data. METHODS To explore the psychological factors influencing cycling performance, an open questionnaire was conducted on 82 cyclists, and Inductive Content Analyses was performed. Overall, 89,520 news articles were collected through BIGKinds, and forming factors of athlete reputation were derived through LDA topic modeling analysis and inductive categorization. Through regression analysis, time series tendency of the factors of athlete reputation was calculated. Finally, the tendency of psychological factors to influence cycling performance was estimated based on the previously derived results in this study. RESULTS The psychological factors influencing cycling performance were found to be; emotion control, trust capital, cognitive control, motivation and communications with the coach. The forming factors of athlete reputation was found to be; reporting of the sports event, infrastructure creation, analysis to performance, moral issue, social environmental changes and sports gossip. The time series tendency of the forming factors of athlete reputation was found to include the categories of Hot, Warm, Cool and Cold. The psychological factors influencing cycling performance are estimated to expand to exercise performance and moral intelligence. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the discussion of psychological factors influencing cycling performance extends not only to exercise performance, but also to moral intelligence, reflecting the socio-cultural context in the discussion of performance.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to understand the athletic identity of youth football players and to trace its changing trend. METHODS Participants of this study included 93 players in 2005 and 94 players in 2021, who were in middle and high schools. All participants answered open-ended questionnaires. After the results of the inductive content analysis, the changing trend of the results was assessed. RESULTS The athletic identity of youth football players were collected from 811 raw data samples collected in 2005 and 741 collected in 2021 and categorized into 19 sub-categories and 5 categories. The results show a tendency to be specific to football. The athletic identity of a football player itself is weakening, being replaced by the identity of being a student. The role of the camp is also weakening, while more privacy and autonomy are allowed to the players. As a result, efforts to secure the players’ right to study were accepted by the players, and expected to decrease as camp life with limited privacy is on the decline, and as senses toward one’s physical competence are changing. CONCLUSIONS Sociocultural contexts, including changes in the system and social modifications, are reflected in the football player's athletic identity and its changes. The athletic identity of youth football players has changed from its 2005 version of unacademic camp life with limited privacy to the 2021 version, where the player leaves camp to be provided with privacy and attend classes.
PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate changes in stress before and after elite shooting athletes participate in a match, and to find out the effect on the match score. METHODS Thirty-wight elite shooting athletes were sampled, questionnaires were distributed to measure psychological stress before and after the match, and saliva was collected before and after the match to measure cortisol. In addition, psychological stress and changes in cortisol before and after the game were investigated, and how psychological stress before and after the game and cortisol affect the score of the game were investigated. Accordingly, a statistical analysis based on data analysis was conducted, and the following research results were obtained. RESULTS The pre-match analysis of psychological stress and cortisol revealed statistically significant changes; both post-match stress and cortisol decreased compared to before the match. Increased psychological stress and cortisol both before and after the match had a negative effect on the match score. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirmed that shooters experience very strong psycho-physiological stress before the match, and the stronger the psychological stress, the lower the game score.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to apply a life skills program to student-athletes and statistically verify the changes in life skills of the experimental and control group. METHODS Participants were 34 high school Taekwondo athletes (Mage=17.71). They were divided into 18 in the experimental group and 16 in the control group. For eight weeks, the experimental group participated in the life skills program after training and the control group participated in only training as usual. Data were collected by using Life Skills Scale for Student-Athletes (LSSSA), and the participants of two groups filled out the LSSSA before and after the program application. The collected data were analyzed by using repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA), and partial η2 (eta squared) was calculated to present the effect size. RESULTS The interaction between time and group was statistically significant in goal setting, coping with stress, positive thinking, and managing emotion among sub-factors of life skills. Partial η2 was interpreted as having a large effect size as it revealed the range of .22 to .51. Therefore, comparing before and after participating in the program, the life skills score of the experimental group among the two groups was significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS Student-athletes who participated in the program experienced positive changes in life skills than those who did not participate in the program.
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the decision-making process for consumers participating in sports centers based on an extended goal-directed behavior model (EMGB), and to provide empirical data for establishing effective operation strategies for sports centers, including additional risk perception of consumers during pandemic. METHODS A total of 446 surveys were used as the final sample. For data analysis, SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 were used for frequency analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis. RESULTS Except for hypothesis 2 and 9, all of the hypothesis were chosen. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that extended goal-oriented behavior models can increase consumers' cognitive and emotional factors through emotional aspirations, suggesting that a lower risk perception of COVID19 increases their desire to participate in sports centers, and provides academic fundamental data on how to increase and activate sports centers.
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the underlying dimensions of brand (professional sport team) authenticity and to develop a valid, reliable scale to measure these dimensions. METHODS A pool of 67 potential items was drawn through a literature review, content analysis, qualitative research (n=43), and an expert evaluation. The identified items were subjected to exploratory factor analysis (n=248) and confirmatory factor analysis (n=285). In addition, multiple regressions were conducted to examine the criterion validity of the scale. RESULTS The results showed that the brand authenticity scale for professional sport teams consists of 42 items representing 8 dimensions: continuity, originality, quality commitment, heritage, symbolism, credibility, stakeholder-related integrity, and consumer-related integrity. The study has proven evidences of internal consistency and convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity of the scale. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the scale developed in this study offers a vital foundation to understand the structure of brand authenticity in the context of sport fans and its impact on sport consumer behavior.
PURPOSE The outdoor camping market size is expected to hit a new high in 2021 as the popularity of outdoor activities surges due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationships among servicescape, perceived value, flow and behavioral intention, focusing on participants of international outdoor camping exhibition. METHODS Demographic analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis were perfomed. RESULTS The findings suggest that (1) all servicescape factors (attractiveness, cleanliness, accessibility and responsiveness) have a positive effect on perceived value, (2) attractiveness, cleanliness and responsiveness are significant predictors of flow, (3) perceived value affects both flow and behavioral intention, and (4) flow also significantly impacts behavioral intention. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight that high quality servicescape can result in enhancing a positive perceived value and flow, and in turn leading to behavioral intention of consumers. Hence, it is recommended for practitioners and staff of the exhibitions to considering the strategies for improving servicescape factors in order to achieve their goal.
PURPOSE This study examined whether the intensity of participation in the National Fitness Award 100 (NFA100) program is associated with reductions in obesity prevalence and healthcare expenditure in South Korea. A continuoustreatment difference-in-differences (DID) framework with a pseudopanel structure was employed to address the absence of a natural control group. METHODS A pseudopanel defined by sex, age group, and month was constructed using administrative NFA100 records linked with external national statistics on obesity prevalence and healthcare expenditure covering the period from 2022 to 2024. Monthly counts of fitness measurements served as a continuous treatment indicator of participation intensity. To support causal interpretation, stringent diagnostics for the parallel trends assumption were conducted. Average treatment effects were estimated using two-way fixed effects (TWFE) models, and effect heterogeneity was examined through unit-specific interaction terms and a supplementary threecategory age-group specification. RESULTS Greater participation intensity in the NFA100 program was associated with statistically significant reductions in obesity prevalence. The magnitude of these effects was largest among adults in their 20s and 30s, whereas attenuated responses were observed among older adults. Healthcare expenditure also declined, although the estimated effects were modest in size. Substantial heterogeneity across age and sex groups was consistently identified. CONCLUSIONS Higher participation intensity in the NFA100 program contributes to meaningful reductions in obesity prevalence and modest decreases in healthcare expenditure, although program effectiveness varies considerably by age and gender. These findings underscore the importance of tailoring intervention strategies, particularly for older adults, and demonstrate the value of large-scale national health promotion programs.
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate ksports over-the-top (OTT) content and examines the misalignment between experts’ strategic priorities and consumers’ usage perceptions to inform content planning strategies. METHODS The study employed a three-stage procedure: (1) Based on a literature review and Delphi survey rounds, five evaluation domains—enjoyment, information, novelty, convenience, and exclusivity—and 20 sub-items specific to sports OTT content, were identified; (2) Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis was applied to data from 30 OTT industry experts to determine the relative importance of each content attribute; and (3) Consumer perception analysis: Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was conducted on responses from 295 Korean consumers who view sports OTT content at least once per week. RESULTS The Delphi surveys yielded five primary content attribute categories: enjoyment, information, novelty, convenience, and exclusivity. The AHP analysis showed that exclusivity ranked highest among evaluation domains, whereasattractiveness was the top-ranked sub-item. IPA results placed enjoyment, fun, diversity, timeliness, uniqueness, and attractiveness in the "Concentrate Here" quadrant. Notably, attractiveness and uniqueness were identified as top-priority attributes in the AHP analysis and the "Concentrate Here" quadrants of the IPA analysis. CONCLUSIONS By employing a three-stage approach—Delphi (exploratory), AHP (expert priority derivation), and IPA (consumer perception comparison)—this study integrates analyses of experts’ strategic judgments and consumers’ experiential perceptions to provide actionable content planning priorities and user-centered improvement strategies. This study proposes a multidimensional framework of sports OTT content attributes, extending prior research that primarily focused on consumer behavior. Practically, the study offers the following implications: (1) adopt differentiation strategies cautiously, emphasizing exclusivity; (2) prioritize attributes located in the “Concentrate Here” quadrant, including enjoyment and attractiveness; and (3) sustain and improve fundamental usability features, such as search functionality and accessibility.
